Verb [Kata Kerja]
Verb adalah kata yang
menunjukkan adanya aktifitas (baik berupa tingkah laku, tindakan, perbuatan
atau pun gerakan kegiatan), dan juga kata yang menunjukkan suatu
keadaan/kondisi.
Kinds of Verb :
A. Berdasarkan
bentuk.
1. Present
Form (V1) ® Digunakan pada tenses present.
a. Bare
Infinitive (V1) : be do go have study …etc.
b. Additional
Infinitive (V1 + s/es) : is/am/are does goes has studies …etc.
2. Past
Form (V2) ® Digunakan pada tenses past.
e.g. Past Form (V2) :
was/were, did, went, had, studied, …etc.
3. Paticiple
Form (V3 & Ving) ® Digunakan pada tenses perfect dan continuous.
Digunakan pada kalimat passive.
Berfungsi sebadai noun, adjective
dan adverb.
a. Past
Participle (V3) : been, done, gone, had, studied …etc.
b. Present
Participle (Ving) :
being, doing, going, having, studying …etc.
Kesimpulan bentuk Verb
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No.
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Berdasarkan Bentuk
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1.
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Present Form (V1)
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a.
Bare Infinitive (V1)
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:
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Study
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Write
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b.
Additional Infinitive (V1 + s/es)
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:
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Studies
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Writes
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2.
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Past Form (V2)
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:
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Studied
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Wrote
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3
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Paticiple Form (V3 & Ving)
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a.
Past Participle (V3)
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:
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Studied
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Written
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b.
Present Participle (Ving)
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:
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Studying
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Writing
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B. Berdasarkan
perubahan.
1. Regular
Verb : Kata kerja yang perubahannya beraturan (dengan
penambahan –ed/-d)
e.g. |
Bare Infinitive (V1)
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Past Form (V2)
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Past Participle (V3)
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Meaning
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Call
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Called
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Called
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Memanggil
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Smile
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Smiled
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Smiled
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Tersenyum
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2. Irregular
Verb : Kata kerja yang perubahannya tidak beraturan
e.g |
Bare Infinitive (V1)
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Past Form (V2)
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Past Participle (V3)
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Meaning
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| Arise | Arose | Arisen | Muncul, terbit |
| Buy | Bought | Bought | Membeli |
C. Berdasarkan
kedudukan.
1.
Ordinary Verb : Kata kerja murni atau kata
kerja yang mempunyai fungsi paling pokok dalam sebuah kalimat
a. Transitive
Verb
© Monotransitive
Verb
Def. : Kata kerja yang membutuhkan satu(1) object.
e.g. : § They bring a bag.
S
Vt O
§ She reads a novel
S Vt
O
© Ditransitive
verb
Def. : Kata kerja yang membutuhkan
dua(2) object, yaitu Direct Object
(DO) dan Indirect Object (IO)
Direct Object (DO) : Objek Langsung
Indirect
Object (IO) : Objek tidak langsung.
e.g. : Ask = Meminta ® She ask me a question.
S Vt IO
DO
® She asked a question to me.
S Vt DO IO
© Complextransitive
Def. : Kata
kerja yang membutuhkan dua(2) object lalu bertemu dengan Noun phrase atau
Adjective phrase.
¨ D.O + Noun phrase.
¨ D.O + Adjective phrase.
b. Intransitive
Verb
© Complete
Intransitive
Def. : Kata kerja intransitive yang ketika ditulis
S+V maknanya sudah jelas atau bisa di pahami dan tidak membutuhkan complement.
e.g. :
§ I Swim = Saya berenang.
§ She is running = Di perempuan sedang berlari.
© Incomplete
Intransitive
Def. : Kta kerja
intransitive yang ketika di tulis S+V maknanya belum jelas atau belum bisa di
pahami, karena kata kerja ini membutuhkan complement.
Complement yang berada
setelah Incomplete Intransitive verb
atau yang juga dikenal dengan Linking Verb(LV) ini disebut dengan Subjective complement.
Subjective Complement tersebut berupa adjective, noun atau adverb.
e.g.
:
§ [lihat postingan selanjutnya]
2. Auxiliary
Verb
Def. Kata kerja bantu atau kata kerja yang
mempunyai fungsi membantu pembentukan karakter tenses dalam sebuah kalimat.
Kinds of
Auxiliary Verb :
a. Primary
Auxiliary
Def. : Auxiliary verb yang
memberikan karakter tenses namun tidak memberikan makna tambahan pada tenses
tersebut.
Kinds of Primary Auxiliary :
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Perubahan
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Do
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Be
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Have
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V1
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Do
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Be
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Have
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V1+s/es
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Does
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Is/Am/
Are
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Has,Have
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V2
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Did
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Was/Were
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Had
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V3
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Done
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Been
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Had
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Ving
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Doing
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Being
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Having
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To+v1
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To
Do
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To
Be
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To
Have
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b. Modal
Auxiliary
Def. : Auxiliary
verb yang membentuk karakter tenses dan sekaligus memberikan makna tambahan
pada ordinari verb.
Kinds of Modal Auxiliary :
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Will
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Shall
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Can
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May
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Must
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Ought
to
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Had
to
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Need
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Would
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Should
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Could
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Might
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Used
to
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Would
Rather
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Had
Better
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Dare
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